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Focus Questions/Activities:
1. ARP
a. Capture and ARP packet (use the arp_resolution.pcap file if you cannot do it directly)
b. Inspect the packet and see if you can fill in all the fields in the table in Figure 6-2 on page 88
c. Work through the ARP Request and Response sections on pages 88/89.
2. IP
a. Capture an IP packet (use a precaptured one from lotsofweb.pcap if you need to)
b. Fill in the information in Figure 6-9.
c. Use ip_frag_source.pcap to work through the fragmentation section on page 95.
Reflect of the differences between fragmentation at the IP level and at the Ethernet level.
3. TCP
a. Capture a TCP packet
b. Fill in the information in table 6-16
c. Inspect the the ports associated with the packet, indicating what application is associated with that port
4. UDP
a. Capture a UDP packet (you might have to get one from udp_dnsrequest.pcap)
b. Fill in the information in table 6-27. (Reflect on why this information is so much less than for TCP)
c. Inspect the the ports associated with the packet, indicating what application is associated with that port
5. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
a. Work through DORA process on pages 116/119.
b. Inspect the DHCP renewal and In-lease renewal process (use the dhcp_nolease_renewal.pcap, dhcp_inlease_renewal.pcap)
c. What are the important ports and what is transport layer protocol used by DHCP?
d. When is (in-lease renewal process) performed?
6. DNS (Domain Name System)
a. Inspect the DNS functions query/response (use a precaptured files from UTS online dns_query_response.pcap, dns_recursivequery_client.pcap, dns_recursivequery_server.pcap and dns_axfr.pcap if you need to)
b. What is the important port used by DNS? And what are the transport layer protocols used by DNS?
c. Reflect of the differences between DNS query/Recursion and DNS zone Transfers AXFR/IXFR.
7. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
a. Capture a HTTP packets and inspect the request methods of HTTP (use the http_google.pcap and http_post.pcap if you need to)
b. Wireshark shows TCP segments rather than HTTP packets, why? And what is the server port? (150 words)
c. Reflect the meaning of the response code associated with the HTTP such as 200, 302
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ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL (ARP)
The process of resolution that TCP/IP networking uses to resolve an IP address into a MAC address is called ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL. The process uses only two packets: ARP REQUEST & ARP RESPONSE.
Conclusion:
The header section for both ARP Request & ARP Response is similar. The first difference is that the OPCODE for Request is 1 whereas the OPCODE for Reply/Response is 2. The second difference is that the Sender MAC & Protocol Address in the Request, become the Target MAC & Protocol Address in the Response…
GRATUITOUS ARP – PACKET
When a certain device's IP address changes, the IP to MAC mappings that hosts on the network becomes invalid. To avoid communication errors, gratuitous packets are transmitted on the network. These packets force the device that receives it to update its cache with the new IP to MAC address mapping….
INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP)
IP is a protocol at layer 3 of the OSI model responsible for internetwork communication. IPV4 (version 4 of the INTERNET PROTOCOL) is responsible for carrying data between devices regardless of where the communication endpoints are located.
IP Fragmentation
Packet Fragmentation is feature of IP that permits reliable delivery of data across varying types of network by splitting a data stream into smaller segments. The fragmentation of a packet is based on the MAXIMUM TRANSMISSION UNIT (MTU) size….
